Территория Нефтегаз № 12 2016

» Process Model As A Basis For Intelligent Control Process Of The Gas Transportation Enterprise In Real-Time Scale

Modern transportation enterprises are working in a complicated, changing business environment and to adapt to this situation, they are trying to horizontally and vertically integrate their management and production processes that leads to the creation of a real-time enterprise. Production, gas transportation company can be divided into three levels of manufacturing execution systems (MES – Manufacturing Execution System): the level of enterprise management, production management level and level of a production. To appreciate and analyze the integrated data with different time horizons: from millisecond, which are generated by automatic devices to daily-generated, which are generated by business applications. However, these data are used for operational management processes of a gas transportation enterprise not in fully. To overcome this issue, the process model is suggested for identification and assimilation of knowledge which covers four steps: analysis and redesign of controlled processes of gas transportation enterprise, the development of data models and data flow diagrams of gas transportation enterprise for automatic devices and business applications, a knowledge identification, based on knowledge discovery in processes of working with databases; constant monitoring and process management of the gas transportation enterprise with the help of complex event processing. Described it-framework and it matched process model for the digital integration and the achievements of the operational control processes are developed and adapted for innovative activity management of a gas transportation enterprise. Building a flexible structure of innovation processes management based on the offered model will allow raising controllability of a gas transportation enterprise. The expected results can be applied in other network companies of the energy industry.

Keywords: integration of gas transport enterprise, knowledge discovery, intellectual data mining analysis, uninterrupted monitoring process, complex event processing.

Authors:

R.R. Kantyukov, e-mail: r-kantyukov@tattg.gazprom.ru; Gazprom transgaz Kazan LLC (Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia).
M.S. Tahaviev, e-mail: m-tahaviev@tattg.gazprom.ru; Gazprom transgaz Kazan LLC (Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia).
R.V. Lebedev, e-mail: r-lebedev@tattg.gazprom.ru; Gazprom transgaz Kazan LLC (Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia).
S.V. Shenkarenko, e-mail: s-shenkarenko@tattg.gazprom.ru; Gazprom transgaz Kazan LLC (Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia).
S.A. Livshits, e-mail: semen19772004@mail.ru; Kazan State Energy University (Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia).
N.A. Yudina, e-mail: yudinato@gmail.com; Kazan State Energy University (Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia).
A.V. Kotsyubinsky, e-mail: kotsubinski@gmail.com, Kazan State Energy University (Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia)., Kazan Service Union LLC (Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia).

References:

Kantyukov R.R., Tahaviev M.S., Romanov S.V. Improvement Of Work With Infrastructure Facilities Of Gas Transportation And Gas Distribution Using Well Logging. Gazovaya promyshlennost’ = Gas Industry, 2015, No. 9 (727), P. 40–41. (In Russian)
Kantyukov R.R, Tahaviev M.S., Gilyaziev M.G., Shenkarenko S.V., Lebedev R.V., Varsegov V.L. Development Of A Mathematical Model Of Section Of The Gas Transportation System. Transport i hranenie nefteproduktov i uglevodorodnogo syr'ya = Transport And Storage Of Petroleum Products And Hydrocarbons, 2015, No. 2, P. 3–7. (In Russian)
Grauer M., Metz D., Karadgi S.S. and Schfer W. Identification and Assimilation of Knowledge for Real-Time Control of Enterprise Processes in Manufacturing. Proc. 2nd International Conference on Information, Process and Knowledge Management (eKNOW 2010), Feb. 2010, P. 13–16.
Linthicum D. Enterprise Application Integration. Addison-Wesley Longman, Amsterdam, 2000.
Lee J., Siau K., Hong S. Enterprise Integration with ERP and EAI. Comm. of the ACM, Feb. 2003, Vol. 46, No. 2, P. 54–60.
Drobik A., Raskino M., Flint D. at all. The Gartner Definition of Real-Time Enterprise, tech. report. Gartner Inc., 2002.
Karnouskos S., Guinard D., Savio D. at all. Towards the Real-Time Enterprise: Service-based Integration of Heterogeneous SOA-ready Industrial Devices with Enterprise Applications. Proc. 13th IFAC Symposium on Information Control Problems in Manufacturing (INCOM '09), June 2009, P. 2127–2132.
Kjaer A. The Integration of Business and Production Processes. IEEE Control Systems Magazine, 2003, Vol. 23, No. 6, P. 50–58.
Panetto H., Molina A. Enterprise Integration and Interoperability in Manufacturing Systems: Trends and Issues. Computers in Industry, Sept. 2008, Vol. 59, No. 7, P. 641–646.
Grauer M., Metz D., Karadgi S. at all. Towards an IT-Framework for Digital Enterprise Integration. Proc. 6th International Conference on Digital Enterprise Technology (DET 2009), AISC, Springer, Berlin, Dec. 2009, vol. 66, P. 1467–1482.
Grauer M., Karadgi S.S., Metz D., Schfer W. An Approach for Real-Time Control of Enterprise Processes in Manufacturing using a Rule-Based System. Proc. Multikonferenz Wirtschaftsinformatik, Feb. 2010, P. 1511–1522.
Scheer A. Business Process Engineering. Reference Model for Industrial Enterprise, 2nd Edition, Springer, 1994.
Hammer M., Champy J. Reengineering the Corporation: A Manifesto for Business Revolution. Harper Business, 1994.
Cammert M., Heinz C., Krmer J. at all. Stream Processing in Production-to-Business Software. Proc. of the IEEE Int. Conf. on Data Eng., 2006, P. 168–169.

For citation:
Kantyukov R.R., Tahaviev M.S., Lebedev R.V., Shenkarenko S.V., Livshits S.A., Yudina N.A., Kotsyubinsky A.V. Process Model As A Basis For Intelligent Control Process Of The Gas Transportation Enterprise In Real-Time Scale (In Russ.). Territorija «NEFTEGAZ» = Oil and Gas Territory, 2016, No. 12, P. 14–18.

» Estimation Of Stress-Strain State Of Industrial Equipment Based On Applying Digital Images Correlation Technology

The article notes the necessity of taking into account the factor of dynamic loading for those hazardous industrial facilities that are in the process of designing or are already placed into service. In a special case, it can be provided by applying some specific calculating and experimental methods of investigation. The article shows the opportunity of using calculating and experimental method of identification for providing industrial safety of hazardous industrial facilities. This method allows, with calculations and mathematical tools of finite-element method, to estimate actual stress and strain state of industrial equipment used under the dynamic impact on the basis of the experimental data on dynamic movements in different points of it. The author briefly describes the method of identification and the order of its applying while working with different industrial equipment. The article shows the opportunity of using the digital images correlation technology as a source of data for identification procedure. Brief description of correlation technology and ways of its applying are given. The problems of direct usage of the technology while monitoring the stress and strain state of equipment outside the laboratory environment are noted. As a solution the author offers to use specialized software «Correlation», that gives an opportunity to bound separate points on the surface of an inspected object with related points of its prepared finite-element model, that allows to use the movements of an object registered after correlation during the identification procedure. The article gives a description of a modified algorithm of an object surface movements recognition that gives an opportunity to refuse the necessity of applying irregular high-contrast «speckle»-image on it. This provides an opportunity to implement the digital images correlation technology at the working enterprises when the quality preparation of surfaces for the following correlation is impossible. The article gives examples of using of this method.

Keywords: stress-strain state, finite-element method, least-squares method, identification, correlation, hazardous industrial facility, speckle.

Authors:

S.Y. Trutaev, e-mail: stas@himmash.irk.ru IrkutskNIIhimmash JSC (Irkutsk, Russia).

References:

Federal Law No. 116-FZ of 21.07.1997 (revised on 13.07.2015). On Industrial Safety Of Hazardous Production Facilities. (In Russian)
Trutaev S.Y. Method For Stress-Strain-State Evaluation Of Production Equipment And Buildings And Structures Of Industrial Entities. Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, 2014, Vol. 49, No. 11–12, P. 816–819.
Trutaev S.Y., Bezdelev V.V. The Stress-Strain Experimental Analysis For Structures Evaluation During Earthquakes. Stroitel'naya mekhanika i raschet sooruzheniy = Structural Mechanics and Analysis of Constructions, 2014, No. 1 (252), P. 49–52. (In Russian)
GOST R 55431-2013. Piping Systems. Calculated And Experimental Method For Estimating The Dynamic Stress-Strain State (approved by the order of Rosstandard No. 104-st of 14 May 2013). (In Russian)
Zenkevich O. Finite-Element Method In Technics. Moscow, Mir, 1975, 542 pp. (In Russian)
Bathe K., Wilson E. Numerical Methods Of Analysis And Finite-Element Method. Moscow, Stroiizdat, 1982, 448 pp. (In Russian)
Sutton M.A., Orteu J.-J., Schreier H.W. Image Correlation for Shape, Motion and Deformation Measurements. University of South Carolina, 2009, 364 pp.
Pleshanov V.S. and others. Measuring The Deformation Of Materials With Digital Images Correlation Method. Izvestiya Tomskogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta = Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University [Bulletin of the TPU], 2008, Vol. 312, P. 343–349. (In Russian)
Panin S.V. and others. Combined Method Of Deformation And Destruction Investigation Of Carbon-Carbon Composite Material Samples With Acoustic Emission, Digital Images Correlation And Strain Measurement. Vestnik nauki Sibiri = Siberian Journal of Science, 2012, No. 4 (5), P. 129–138. (In Russian)
Vic-3D. Guide for testing, 2009, 64 pp. (In Russian)
Linnik Y.V. Least-Squares Method And The Basics Of Mathematical And Statistical Processing Of Observation Theory. Moscow, FIZMATLIT, 1958, 336 pp. (In Russian)

For citation:
Trutaev S.Y. Estimation Of Stress-Strain State Of Industrial Equipment Based On Applying Digital Images Correlation Technology (In Russ.). Territorija «NEFTEGAZ» = Oil and Gas Territory, 2016, No. 12, P. 68–73.

» Particularities Of Torque And Energy Consumption By Bits, Equipped By Cutters With Chamfer On The Cutting Edge

The polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) bits are intended for drilling big interval of formations. So PDC bits must be universal. When drilling well is in hard rocks, the sharp edges of cutters are destructed. Drilling intervals with interlayers of hard rock leads to the same result. This made it necessary to equip the bit cutters by a variety of chamfers on the cutting edge. In article are brought results of the study working of the cutting structure of the PDC bits at destruction of the average hardness rock (marble). Experiments were carried out on the booth during the drilling with single cutter and with bits in four blades performance by diameter 120.6 mm and with bits in eight blades performance by diameter 188.7 mm. Cutters with chamfer on the cutting edge when intensity of destruction of rock is less then 0.2 mm per single rotation, is working as diamond grains under the scheme crushing and microcutting of rock surface. With further increase in the intensity destruction rock there is a gradual transition to the destruction of the cutting-chipping. It was installed that chamfer on the cutting edge of PDC bits cutters smooths the manifestation of a stepwise destructions of a rock and does the dependencies the torque from axial load on bits practically linear, but the rock destruction energy consumption both from axial load and from intensity of the destruction does monotonous bearish on measure of the growing these parameters. Presence of anti-vibrate insertions limits the reduction of the rock destruction energy consumption after achievement of a certain limiting intensity of the destruction of the rock. Calibration wellbore increase the rock destruction energy consumption up to two times as compared with work of a single cutter.

Keywords: PDC bit, chamfer on the cutting edge of the PDC cutter, rock, torque, rock destruction energy consumption.

Authors:

O.B. Trushkin, e-mail: azimtrushkin@yandex.ru; State educational institution of higher education Ufa State Petroleum Technological University (Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia).
B.N. Trushkin, e-mail: azimtrushkin@yandex.ru; State educational institution of higher education Ufa State Petroleum Technological University (Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia).
A.N. Popov; State educational institution of higher education Ufa State Petroleum Technological University (Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia).

References:

Trushkin O.B. A Rock Destruction By A Single PDC Cutler. Territorija NEFTEGAZ = Oil and Gas Tettitory, 2016, No. 5, P. 16–20. (In Russian)

Trushkin O.B., Popov A.N. Comparative Dynamic And Energy Of The Drilling Roller Bits And PDC Bits. Neftegazovoe delo = Oil and Gas Business, 2013, Vol. 11, No. 2, P. 52–54. (In Russian)

Kuvykin S.I., Kagarmanov N.F. The Rock Destruction Mechanism And The Development Of Diamond Drilling Models. Neftjanoe hozjajstvo = Oil Industry, 1965, No. 1, P. 12–18. (In Russian)

Khamzin Sh.Kh., Kagarmanov N.F. Aspects of rocks’ destruction with diamonds. Moscow, VNIIOENG, 1967, Iss. 12.

For citation:
Trushkin O.B., Trushkin B.N., Popov A.N. Particularities Of Torque And Energy Consumption By Bits, Equipped By Cutters With Chamfer On The Cutting Edge (In Russ.). Territorija «NEFTEGAZ» = Oil and Gas Territory, 2016, No. 12, P. 26–29.

» Field Tests Of The Bottom-Hole Assembly (BHA) With Increased Dynamic Load On The Orill Bit

The article is devoted to the method of bringing the required load to a bit and to improve feasibility indicators of drilling process while drilling oil and gas wells, particularly horizontal and directional wells.

The bottom-hole assembly (BHA), which consists of a PDC (Polycrystalline Diamond Cutter) bit, downhole oscillator, the downhole mud motor, MWD, and drill pipes, was proposed by the authors. A downhole oscillator, which is included in the BHA, allows improving the dynamic component of the axial load on the bit due to low-frequency vibrations of the flushing liquid reaching the bottom of the well, and PDC bit forms a smooth cylindrical mining production. Low amplitude longitudinal oscillations reduce the friction of the drill string on the borehole well, thereby contributing to the formation of the axial load on the bit. The smoothness of the load submission on the bit and the simplification management of the BHA including in it a downhole oscillator over a bit is possible with the using of PDC drill bit. The results of field testing of the proposed BHA, conducted on well No. 6053 in the place of Sheremetyevo deposit located in the Republic of Tatarstan. The conditions for conducting the field tests are described. The data for pilot and appraisal wells, which drilled in identical geological conditions, are presented with including an oscillator in the BHA and without it. In the drilling process, the parameters such as mechanical speed of drilling, the penetration of the bit, the axial load on the bit, the pressure of the flushing fluid, the consumption of flushing liquid were being under control. Field tests showed that the penetration of the bit into the pilot well increased on average by 35 %, and the mechanical speed on 21 % in comparison with drilling of nearby wells in similar geological-technical conditions.

Keywords: a deviated well, a load on the bit, a bottom-hole assembly, a PDC bit, an oscillator, a penetration, a mechanical drilling speed.

Authors:

L.B. Khuzina, e-mail: lhyzina@yandex.ru; Almetyevsk state oil Institute (Almetyevsk, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia).

R.Kh. Fatkullin; Almetyevsk state oil Institute (Almetyevsk, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia).

A.F. Shaikhutdinova, e-mail: alia.ingener@mail.ru; Almetyevsk state oil Institute (Almetyevsk, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia).

Sh.Kh. Fakhrutdinov; Almetyevsk state oil Institute (Almetyevsk, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia).

A.V. Eromasov; Nurlat factory of drilling operations Burenie LLC (Nurlat, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia).

For citation:
Khuzina L.B., Fatkullin R.Kh., Shaikhutdinova A.F., Fakhrutdinov Sh.Kh., Eromasov A.V. Field Tests Of The Bottom-Hole Assembly (BHA) With Increased Dynamic Load On The Orill Bit (In Russ.). Territorija «NEFTEGAZ» = Oil and Gas Territory, 2016, No. 12, P. 20–24.

» Choice Of Options Schemes On Gas Compressor Units In The Formulation Of Gas From Disabled In The Repair Section Of The Pipeline Big Diameter

Gas industry is the leading segment of Russian fuel and energy sector and is largely responsible for achieving energy saving goals. Maximal efficient use of natural energy resources and energy sector full potential for constant economic growth, improving life quality of population and Russia’s external economic position strengthening promotion is unvaried purpose of Russian’s Federation energy policy. Russia’s Energy Strategy to 2030 defines the goals and objectives of the energy sector long-term development, its priorities and guidelines, as well as the mechanisms of the state energy policy at several stages of its implementation to ensure achievements of targeted goals. The relevance of the theme is conditioned by Russia’s energy policy and Gazprom’s corporate energy saving concepts. The main goal of all regulatory framework is providing enhancing energy efficiency of operations and energy saving. The length of the gas transmission system in Russia totals more than 160 thousand kilometers, the greater part of which is comprised of the Unified Gas Supply System (UGSS) of Russia with 276 compressor stations(CSs) situated 100–150 km away from each other accordingly gas trunk line between CSs have three to five sections to shut down. Depressurizing the linear section of the pipeline during maintenance and repair activities occurs significant methane emissions. Authors propose supporting method for decision-making process of gas compressor unit circuit selection in the case of using pipeline pump-down to discharge gas from gas trunk line section before performing repair works. Proposal method base on analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Selecting alternative gas compressor unitcircuitfor pipeline pump-down to discharge gas from gas trunk line section provides by the utility function derived in view of the weight coefficients, which considerimportance of suchmeasures as «volume of gas recovery», «pump-down duration», «fuel gas consumption during pump-down».

Keywords: compressor station, gas trunkline, energy saving, gas trunkline section pump-down, the method of decision-making process support.

Authors:

A.R. Gadelshina; FSBEI HE Ufa State Petroleum Technical University (Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia).

S.V. Kitaev, e-mail: Svkitaev@mail.ru; FSBEI HE Ufa State Petroleum Technical University (Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia).

A.R. Galikeev, Bashkir management of Gazprom gaznadzor LLC (Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia).

References:

Gadelshina A.R., Kitaev S.V., Galikeev A.R. A Practical Solution Of The Problem Of Conserving Natural Gas By Production It «In Parallel» GCU-16r (Gas Compressor Unit) «Ural» And GCU-16r «Ural» To CS-6(Compressor Station) «Sharan». Transport i khranenie nefteproduktov i uglevodorodnogo syria = A Transportation And A Storage Of Petroleum Products And Raw Hydrocarbons, 2016, No. 1, P. 5–8. (In Russian)
Saati T. Making Of The Decisions. Method Of Hierarchies Analysis. Moscow, Radio and Svyaz', 1993, 278 pp. (In Russian)

For citation:
Gadelshina A.R., Kitaev S.V., Galikeev A.R. Choice Of Options Schemes On Gas Compressor Units In The Formulation Of Gas From Disabled In The Repair Section Of The Pipeline Big Diameter (In Russ.). Territorija «NEFTEGAZ» = Oil and Gas Territory, 2016, No. 12, P. 100–103.

» The Energy Consumption Of Electric Centrifugal Pump Unit At Cut Oil Production

This article discusses the factors that affecting the energy consumption of electric centrifugal pump units at oil production from wet wells in order to mode optimization of well operation by economic criteria, in particular, the cost of oil production. There is selected the most energy-intensive technical processes: the extraction of wells production to the day surface and the maintenance of reservoir pressure, which constitutes more than 80% of total cost of oil production. It`s marked the key factors affecting the value of unit cost: flow rate, water cut, dynamic level. It`s explored the influence of these factors on the power consumption during wells operation by electric centrifugal pump units and calculation characteristics are built. It is found that the value of the specific energy consumption increases significantly with the decrease in fluid flow rate (less than 60 m3 / day) and dynamic level (less than 500 m). Analysis of field research showed that wells equipped with electrical centrifugal pump units, the specific rate increases energy consumption by more than 40% with a water cut of 90% and more.

Keywords: oil well, electric centrifugal pump unit, specific energy consumption, fluid flow rate, the dynamic level, water cut of sheeted production.

Authors:

R.I. Vahitova, e-mail: teplotexAGNI@yandex.ru; SBEI HPE Almetyevsk State Oil Institute (Almetyevsk, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia).

V.A. Molchanova, SBEI HPE Almetyevsk State Oil Institute (Almetyevsk, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia).

References:

Babayev R.V. The Influence Of Wells Technological Parameters Operated By Submersible Centrifugal Pumps, The Consumption Of Electric Energy. Azerbaydzhanskoe neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Azerbaijan Oil Industry, 2003, No. 6. P. 52–54. (In Russian)
Bahir Y.V. The Analysis Of Some Energy Indicators And Features Of Energy Processes Communication Of Oil Production And Water Flood (extended abstract of dissertation of PhD in engineering sciences). Ufa Oil Research Institute, 1969, 15 pp. (In Russian)
Vahitova R.I., Urazakov K.R., Zdolnik S.E., Kutdusov А.Т., Gareev А.А., Yarish R.F. Energy Consumption Of Electric Submersible Pump Units: a study guide. Almetyevsk State Oil Institute, 2013, 104 pp. (In Russian)
Kulizade К.N. Electrical Equipment In Oil Production. Baku, Azerneftneshr, 1960, 531 pp. (In Russian)
Mischenko I.T. Features Of Submersible Centrifugal Pumps For Multicomponent Mixtures (extended abstract of dissertation PhD in engineering sciences). Moscow, MICGI, 1965. (In Russian)
Saracheva D.A., Vahitova R.I, Urazakov К.R., Bikbulatova G.I. The Electric Submersible Pump Units: a study guide. Almetyevsk State Oil Institute, 2014, 140 pp. (In Russian)
Guide To The Industrial Power Supply. In 2 volumes. Edited by А.А. Fedorov, G.V. Serbinovskiy. Vol. 2. Technical information of equipment. Moscow, Energy, 1974, 528 pp. (In Russian).
Urazakov К.R., Zdolnik S.Е., Nagumanov М.М. and others. Guide To The Oil Production. Edited by К.R. Urazakov. Saint-Petersburg, Nedra, 2012, 672 pp. (In Russian)
Invention patent RUS 2136970, Submersible Pump. Authors; Urazakov К.R., Gabdrakhmanov N.Kh., Kutdusava Z.R. and etc. Patent holder: Bashneft Joint-Stock Oil Company. Applied 06.05.1997; publ. 10.09.1999. (In Russian)
Topolnikov А.S., Urazakov К.R., Vahitova R.I., Saracheva D.А. Calculation Methods Of Jet Pump Parameters For Joint Operation With ESP. Neftegazovoe delo = Petroleum engineering, 2011, No. 3, P. 134–146. (In Russian)
Shelkovnikov Е.А. Analysis Of The Causes Of Accidents At Wells Equipped With ESP, In Surgutneftegas JSC. Proceedings of the IX All-Russian Technical Conference «Manufacture and operation of the ESP». Almetyevsk, 2000. P. 11–16. (In Russian)
Shpilevoy V.А. Optimization Of Formation And Improvement Of Power Oil And Gas Production (extended abstract of dissertation of PhD of engineering science). Tyumen, 1993. (In Russian)
Charonov V.Y. Work Automation Of Basic Equipment And Problems Of Energy Saving On Oil And Gas Production Facilities. Almetyevsk, «TatASUneft» SC «Tatneft», 1988, 330 pp. (In Russian)
Energy Strategy Of Russia To 2030. Access mode: http://сацминэнерго.рф/docs/base/Расп.Прав.РФ_1715р-13.11.09-Энерг.стратегия%20РФ-2030.pdf. Date of access: 19.12.2016. (In Russian)
Yartiev А.F., Fattakhov R.B. Energy Costs Accounting For Oil Production. Moscow, ARRIOMEOI JSC, 2007, 152 pp. (In Russian)

For citation:
Vahitova R.I., Molchanova V.A. The Energy Consumption Of Electric Centrifugal Pump Unit At Cut Oil Production (In Russ.). Territorija «NEFTEGAZ» = Oil and Gas Territory, 2016, No. 12, P. 108–113.

» Development And Approbation Of A Methodological Approach To The Justification Of Measures Of Low-Cost Technical Modernization Of Gas Distribution Stations

Many regions face with the problem of reaching load limits by operational local gas supply facilities, thus it becomes impossible to perform additional gas supplies to consumers. Such gas supply facilities have to be under a reconstruction (extension), this generally requires significant capital investment and time costs. The pointed problems are most typical for gas distribution stations (GDS), GDS is a key and one of the most complicated element of the gas supply system. The article presents a methodical approach to the justification of measures of low-cost technical re-equipment of gas distribution stations in order to increase gas supplies to consumers. The presented approach can be considered as an alternative way of the GDS reconstruction in the short and medium term. In comparison to a classical reconstruction it requires significantly lower financial and time costs of implementation, its usage allows to refuse to a full-scale reconstruction by identifying the available reserves of the throughput GDS capacity and to engage them in the gas supply by partial low-cost reconstruction of the stations. The main idea of the suggested approach is to identify “bottlenecks” in GDS basing on the results of technological calculations of its throughput capacity, on the development of technical solutions to eliminate these «bottlenecks» and the implementation of measures for the replacement of individual elements of GDS to increase the performance of the entire gas facility. This allows you to increase quickly the production capacity of GRS, meanwhile the expenses of the implementing of necessary measures are in several times as compared to the cost of the station reconstruction. The article describes the main provisions of the methodical approach, this is clearly illustrated by a specific example.

Keywords: gas distribution station, technically possible throughput capacity, technical modernization, mathematical modeling.

Authors:

A.V. Belinskiy, e-mail: A.Belinsky@promgaz.gazprom.ru; Gazprom Promgaz JSC (Moscow, Russia).

O.I. Rebrov, e-mail: O.Rebrov@promgaz.gazprom.ru, Gazprom Promgaz JSC (Moscow, Russia).

References:

Mikhalenko V.A., Tarasov V.V., Kuzema A.V., Spector U.I., Varlamov N.V., Belinsky A.V., Rechinsky S.N., Rebrov O.I., Babakov A.V., Verbilo A.S., Denisov A.N., Savin S.A. A Methodology Of Determination Of Available Reserves Of The Throughput Capacity Of PJSC Gazprom Stations. Gazovaya promyshlennost' = Gaz Industry, 2015, No. 12, P. 40–44. (In Russian)
The standardization system of JSC Gazprom 2-3.5-051-2006. Technological Design Standards Of Trunk Gas Pipelines. Moscow, IRTs Gazprom, 2006, 197 pp. (In Russian)
The RF Government resolution No. 87 dated 16.02.2008 «About The Structure Of Design Documentation Sections And Requirements To Their Contents». Mode of access: http://www.consultant.ru/document/Cons_doc_LAW_75048. Date of access: 30.11.2016. (In Russian)
Federal law No. 116-FL dated 21.07.1997 «About Industrial Safety Of Hazardous Production Facilities» (adopted by the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of Russia 20.06.1997). Mode of access: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_law_15234. Date of access: 30.11.2016. (In Russian)
Federal law No. 117-FL «Tax Code Of The Russian Federation (part two)» (adopted by the State Duma of the RF Federal Assembly 19.07.2000). Mode of access: http://www.consultant.ru/document/Cons_doc_LAW_28165. Date of access: 30.11.2016. (In Russian)
Slutsky V.A., Konstantinova V.S., Hanitskaya V.Y., Kapaev A.A. Normative And Technical Aspects Of Documentation Content For Technical Modernization. Bezopasnost' truda v promyshlennosti = Safety In Industry, 2016, No. 2, P. 54–57. (In Russian)
Mikhalenko V.A. Belinskii A.V., Varlamov N.V. Rechinsky S.N., Babakov A.V., Verbilo A.S. Scientific and methodological basics of the concept of low-cost reconstruction and technical modernization of gas distribution stations of Gazprom PJSC. Gazovaya promyshlennost' = Gas Industry, 2016, No. 9, P. 72–81. (In Russian)

For citation:
Belinskiy A.V., Rebrov O.I. Development And Approbation Of A Methodological Approach To The Justification Of Measures Of Low-Cost Technical Modernization Of Gas Distribution Stations (In Russ.). Territorija «NEFTEGAZ» = Oil and Gas Territory, 2016, No. 12, P. 54–61.

» The Use Of Turbo-Expander Units On Gas-Distributing Stations

The article describes an actual problem of using of secondary energy resources in the system of transport and distribution of natural gas. An excessive gas pressure as the main component of secondary energy resources in technological processes is almost never used at gas-distributing stations (GDS), where the throttling devices are used. The suggestion of using a gas overpressure in turboexpanders both at GCU and at compressor stations of trunk gas pipelines is still not found a wide application. The opportunity of replacing turbo-expander devices (TED) instead of the throttle devices units will be determined by the energy and economic efficiency. The research object is the system in which the natural gas pressure reduction occurs with a mandatory heating to prevent a hydrate formation. While throttling there are only the expenses of burning a part of gas to heat a main thread. In TED a useful work is performed, but a burning of great amounts of gas is also required. The energy efficiency of the turboexpander was determined by thermodynamic calculations of isobaric heating and subsequent throttle and adiabatic extension. The calculations show a negative energy balance in the case of turbo expanders using to generate electricity for their own needs in relation to the gas heating at GDS. The substitution of reducing GDS devices for turbo expanders is energy-inefficient. However, the fact that the electricity producing on the GDS by the system «heater – turboexpander» the efficiency of a such system is much higher than the efficiency of modern gas turbines, means the search for other options for the use of TED. It is shown that a promising TED usage is an energy production in two-stage extension with the middle heating due to outside sources or heating of the gas before the GDS.

Keywords: gas distribution station, throttling, turboexpander, temperature.

Authors:

S.S. Zatsepin; Gazprom transgaz Moscow LLC (Moscow, Russia).
S.M. Kuptsov, e-mail: kuptsov_sm@mail.ru, Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian State University of Oil and Gas

References:

Catalogue Of The Effective Energy-Saving Technologies In The Gas Production, Transportation And Underground Storage Of Gazprom JSC. Moscow, Gazprom JSC, 2011, 310 pp. (In Russian)
Porshakov B.P., Kalinin A.F., Kuptsov S.M. and others. The Energy-Saving Technologies Of Gas Transportation: Tutorial. Moscow, Publishing center of Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, 2014, 408 pp. (In Russian)
Dikih B., Boyarinov M., Avloshenko A. A Review Of Current Constructions Of Turbo-Expander Generators. Saint Petersburg, NTC MTT LLC, 2008, 90 pp. (In Russian)
Kalinin A.F. Calculation, Regulation And Optimization Of Operating Modes Of Gas Compressor Units. Moscow, MPA-Press, 2011, 264 pp. (In Russian)
Technical Conditions TU 3437-024-33904627-2014. Turbine Expanders Of The Type Of TDU. Verkhnyaya Salda, NPK «NTL» LLC, 2014, 29 pp. (In Russian)
Federal law of 26 March 2003 No. 35-FZ «About Electric Power Industry». (In Russian)

For citation:
Zatsepin S.S., Kuptsov S.M. The Use Of Turbo-Expander Units On Gas-Distributing Stations (In Russ.). Territorija «NEFTEGAZ» = Oil and Gas Territory, 2016, No. 12, P. 50–53.

» Effective Download Of Existing And Created Facilities Of Gas Distribution Stations Of Gazprom Transgaz Ufa LLC

The article describes the experience of OOO (limited liability company) «Gazprom transgaz Ufa» for optimum loading of stations and efficient use of available capacity Companies. In the case of having branched network of gas pipelines and large gas reserves on gas distribution stations (GDS) belonging to Gazprom transgaz Ufa today, the gas distribution system of individual cities and some large regional centers aren’t able to provide the supplying ability of additional amounts of gas for consumers. The solutions of these issues were organizational and technical measures, developed at the initiative of the Society, such as: the signature of General gas supplying and gasification scheme of Republic of Bashkortostan; the unification of subsidiaries of Gazprom in the Republic of Bashkortostan to a working group for the realization of the system of unified management of the region gasification; the formation of a development Program of gas supply and a gasification of the Republic of Bashkortostan for the period 2016–2020 and Program of gasification of regions of the Russian Federation taking into account the general development vector; the organization of system monitoring of the allocated limits; the creation and the implementation of information Internet resource containing the information about the available capacities of all the GDS in the region. Realization of these measures will allow making an optimal usage of investments of Gazprom PJSC in the construction of new facilities, to create favorable conditions for investors and to solve the problem of gas supply to consumers in the future, to provide an effective control and management of the issuing limits process. The result will be an increasing load of existing and recently built GDS and improving of the profitability of the enterprise in general.

Keywords: gas distribution network, gas distribution station, the scheme of gas supply, the loading of the distribution and gas pipeline facilities, gas limits, the development and the synchronization of gas supply, spare power.

Authors:

R.R. Usmanov; Gazprom transgaz Ufa LLC (Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia).
A.I. Asadullin, e-mail: aasadullin@ufa-tr.gazprom.ru; Gazprom transgaz Ufa LLC (Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia).
V.V. Sosnovskiy; Gazprom transgaz Ufa LLC (Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia).
I.Yu. Agliullin; Gazprom transgaz Ufa LLC (Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia).
S.R. Talipova, Gazprom transgaz Ufa LLC (Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia).

References:

The rules of connection (technological connection) of capital construction objects to gas distribution networks (approved by the resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1314 dated 30.12.2013). (In Russian)
The General scheme of gas supply and gasification of the Republic of Bashkortostan. (In Russian)
The concept of Gazprom OJSC participation in gasification of regions of the Russian Federation (approved by the resolution of the Board of Gazprom OJSC № 57 dated 30.11.2009). (In Russian)
Usmanov R.R., Asadullin A.I., Chuchkalov M.V. The improving efficiency of the equipment of GDS of Gazprom transgaz Ufa LLC in the context of implementation of energy-efficient projects // Territorija «NEFTEGAZ» = Oil and Gas Territory, 2014, No. 12, P. 50–54. (In Russian)

For citation:
Usmanov R.R., Asadullin A.I., Sosnovskiy V.V., Agliullin I.Yu., Talipova S.R. Effective Download Of Existing And Created Facilities Of Gas Distribution Stations Of Gazprom Transgaz Ufa LLC (In Russ.). Territorija «NEFTEGAZ» = Oil and Gas Territory, 2016, No. 12, P. 44–49.

» The Experience Of OOO «Gazprom transgaz Nizhny Novgorod» In The Development Of The Program «GDS load» For Automatic Determination Of The Optimal Operation Mode And Limit Of The Operational Performance Of Gas Distribution Stations

In accordance with the RF Government Decree dated from 30 December 2013 No. 1314 «About the approval of Rules of connection (technological connection) of capital construction objects to gas distribution networks and also about a modification and a recognition that some acts of the Government of the Russian Federation became invalid» gas transmission companies prepare conclusions about the gas supply technical capability through the gas distribution station (GDS) on requests of consumers with gas consumption above 300 m³/h.
In accordance with the STO Gazprom 2-3.5-051-2006 «Norms for technological design of main gas pipelines» gas velocity in pipelines GDS should not exceed 25 m/s.
The program «GDS load» was developed to automate the process of calculating capacity of GRS, which allows calculating the possible volume of additional gas supply through the GDS communications, taking into consideration existing operational modes of gas transportation system (GTS), choosing the worst parameters for the last three years, from the control room of automatic control system of technological processes (Automated control system of technological process – ACSTP) GOFO-2. These parameters influence on the performance (gas temperature, gas pressure, maximum performance), if the gas velocity in the GDS communications is not more than 25 m/s. The mentioned program also allows calculating a limit of operational GDS performance, taking into account the actual operation of the station and the nominal diameter of the piping arrangement; reducing and automating the process of calculating throughput capacity when preparing the conclusion of the technical feasibility of gas supply using GDS.

Keywords: gas distribution stations, load of GDS, the calculation of the limit of the operational performance of gas distribution stations, selection of optimum operation mode of the GDS.

Authors:

R.A. Sadrtdinov, e-mail: sadrtdinovra@vtg.gazprom.ru; Gazprom transgaz Nizhny Novgorod LLC (Nizhny Novgorod, Russia).
S.A. Navolotskiy, e-mail: S.Navolotsky@vtg.gazprom.ru; Gazprom transgaz Nizhny Novgorod LLC (Nizhny Novgorod, Russia).
V.A. Nasedkina, e-mail: V.Nasedkina@vtg.gazprom.ru, Gazprom transgaz Nizhny Novgorod LLC (Nizhny Novgorod, Russia).

For citation:
Sadrtdinov R.A., Navolotskiy S.A., Nasedkina V.A. The Experience Of OOO «Gazprom transgaz Nizhny Novgorod» In The Development Of The Program «GDS load» For Automatic Determination Of The Optimal Operation Mode And Limit Of The Operational Performance Of Gas Distribution Stations (In Russ.). Territorija «NEFTEGAZ» = Oil and Gas Territory, 2016, No. 12, P. 39–43.

» The Development Outlook Of Gas Distribution Stations Of Gazprom PJSC

In the article, the main concepts of the development of gas distribution stations (GDS) were considered. They are associated with the evaluation of technical solutions, comparison of the technical, economic and operational parameters. Existing technical, technological and organizational solutions for GDS Unified gas supply system (UGSS) based on the principles of the XX century, formulated at the stage of the industry generation, and during that time, they have not undergone significant changes. The deployed in the society work for costs optimizing and improving production efficiency, made the issue actual of improving outdated approaches in the development, construction and operation of GDS. To solve these issues national enterprises are determined. They are ready to create and submit for testing pilot samples of automated gas distribution stations of new generation (AGRS-NP); the choice is defined of technical and technological solutions based on the condition of optimization of life cycle cost; the guidelines are developed for the withdrawal of GDS objects in major overhaul on a technical condition; the suggestions of the synchronization of the GDS objects and distribution systems development are designed; the list of priority research and development works are identified (R&D); the website of the Department is launched.

Keywords: gas distribution station, unmanned technologies, low-cost reconstruction, life cycle of an object, the technical condition of the object, distribution network, the General scheme for gas supply and gasification.

Authors:

R.Yu. Distanov, Gazprom PJSC (Moscow, Russia).
M.P. Posmak, Gazprom PJSC (Moscow, Russia).
A.V. Ligachev, Gazprom PJSC (Moscow, Russia).

For citation:
Distanov R.Yu., Posmak M.P., Ligachev A.V. The Development Outlook Of Gas Distribution Stations Of Gazprom PJSC (In Russ.). Territorija «NEFTEGAZ» = Oil and Gas Territory, 2016, No. 12, P. 34–38.

» Dynamics Of View Development On The Petroleum Potential Of The South-Eastern Dnieper-Donets Basin

The evolution of views on the petroleum potential of Southeast in the Dnieper-Donets depression (DDD) was chronologically described. A scientific forecast of oil and gas potential in this area (early 19 century) was based on indirect data on the presence of salt dome structures and on drawing analogies with foreign oil and gas regions of similar structure. However, in the article the fact is being proved that while searching for the first oil field in the region scientific researches of geologists have not been noticed, and the deposit was discovered accidentally, when carrying out exploration work aimed at finding containing potassium raw materials. Further research into the petroleum potential of the region was under the influence of the evolution of scientist’s views, and the reason for this was the creation of specialized organizations and the start of targeted exploration of oil and gas in the region. In the article the stages connected with both discovering of different types of hydrocarbon deposits and the development of scientific views at structure of oil and gas PDD system were emphasized. The first stage deals with the search of all anticlinal structures expressed into the all Meso-Cenozoic structural plans. The result of that work was the discovery of both the Shebelinskoe deposit, which is one of the largest in Europe and a number of smaller fields. The further search of analogue fields led to the almost 30-year timeout in the deposit discovering. The next stage is the search of instock zones and the discovering of a number of deposits in the lower Permian and upper Carboniferous oil and gas complex. Having exhausted the structure resources, the stage finished with more than 20-year timeout. The discovery of the deposit in the structure of anticlinal type, with lithological type of field shielding, in the trough, and not genetically connected with a salt diaper can be considered as the last stage. In conclusion, the ways of further exploration work were suggested, which based on the mistakes analysis and achievements of the previous stages of oil and gas potential research, and will contribute to the increasing of the hydrocarbon potential of Ukraine.

Keywords: oil and gas potential, the Dnieper-Donets depression, history of exploration, Maszewska-Shebelinkiy oil and gas region.

Authors:

I.N. Samchuk, e-mail: fedot-ira@ukr.net, Kharkov national University named after V.N. Karazin (Kharkov, Ukraine).

References:

Atlas Of Oil And Gas Fields, edited by M.M. Ivaniuta, V.O. Fedyshina, B.I Denegi, U.A. Arsiria, Y.G. Lazaruka. Lvov, Ukranian Academy of Oil and Gas, 1998, Vol. 1, 494 pp. (In Ukranian)
Sozansky V.I., Dobryanskiy L.A., Lysenko E.F., Makarenko D.E. The History Of The Oil Discovery In The Left-Bank Ukraine. Geologicheskiy zhurnal = Geological Magazin, 1990, No. 4, P. 63–67. (In Russian)
Kogan V.D., Andreeva V.I. Age Of Diaper Structures In The Eastern Part Of The Dnieper Graben. Geologiya nefti i gaza = Oil and Gas Geology, 1963, No. 4, P. 47–51. (In Russian)
Kosmachev V.G. Works of D. N. Sobolev About The Creation Of A Scientific Forecast Of Oil And Gas Potential In The Dnieper-Donets Depression And The Oil Problem In Ukraine. Vіsnik Kharkіvs'kogo natsіonal'nogo unіversitetu = Herald of Kharkov National University, 2005, No. 5 (655),
P. 57–62. (In Russian)
Kocyba A.M., Shulga P.L. Devon Of The Isakevsky Salt Dome Near Lubni. Geologicheskiy zhurnal AN URSR = Geolgical Magazin of the Ukrainian Academy Of Sciences, 1938, Iss. V, Vol. 3, P. 157–179. (In Ukranian)
Letunvskiy G.A., Pankiv A.M., Tkachishin S.V., Tkhorzhevskiy S.A., Shumilov S.P. To The Question About The Search Of Buried Structures In The Southeastern Part Of The Dnieper-Donets Depression. Neftyanaya i gazovaya promyshlennost’ = Oil and Gas Industry, 1963, No. 3, P. 41–49.
(In Russian)
Luchitskiy V.I. Salt Domes, Gas And Oil. Mineral'noe Syr'e = Mineral Raw Materials, 1933, No. 7, P. 1–2. (In Russian)
Majewskiy B.I., Yevdoshchuk M.I., Lozinsky O.E. The World Oil And Gas Provinces. Kiev, Naukova Dumka, 2002, 112 pp. (In Ukranian)
Makarenko D.E., Sozanskiy V.I. The Way Of Life Of Professor F.A. Lysenko. Geologicheskiy zhurnal = Geological Magazin, 1992, No. 2, P. 137–141. (In Ukranian)
Sobolev D.N. About The Possibilities Of Finding Oil In Ukraine. Priroda = Nature, 1936, No. 9, P. 19–26. (In Russian)
Sobolev D.N. The Geology Problems Of The Dnieper Territory. Problemy sovetskoy geologii = Issues of the Soviet Geology, 1933, Vol. 2, No. 5,
P. 93–100. (In Russian)
Chernyakov A.M. Geology And Life. Formula For Success: essay. Kharkov, Kharkov National Medical University, 2015, 120 pp. (In Russian)
Chernyakov A.M. Salt Objects Of South-Eastern Dnieper-Donets Depression And Their Part In The Formation Of Oil And Gas: dissertation of Cand. Of Geol.-Min. Sc. Moscow, 1973, 151 pp. (In Russian)
Shameka I.T. About Oil Potential Of Romensky Salt Dome And Near Regions. Proc. petroleum Conf., Kiev, Publ. of the Ukrainian Academy
Of Sciences, 1939, P. 13–18. (In Russian)
Shatsky N.S. To The Question Of The Origin Of Romny Gypsum And Rocks Of The Isakovskogo Hill In The Ukraine. Byulleten' Moskovskogo obshchestva ispytateley prirody = Bulletin of the Moscow Society of Naturalists, Geology Department, 1931, Iss. 9, Vol. 3–4, P. 336–349. (In Russian)
Yanyshev A.L. Nikolay Sergeyevich Shatskiy. Moscow, Nauka, 1986, ser. «Portraits of geologists», P. 7–50. (In Russian)

For citation:
Samchuk I.N. Dynamics Of View Development On The Petroleum Potential Of The South-Eastern Dnieper-Donets Basin (In Russ.). Territorija «NEFTEGAZ» = Oil and Gas Territory, 2016, No. 12, P. 62–66.

» Assessment Of The Risk Of Damage To Pipelines Located In The Arctic Zone Of The Russian Federation. Modeling Of A Spill And Determination Of The Possible Volume Of Oil Taking Surface Topography Into Consideration

Assessment Of The Risk Of Damage To Pipelines Located In The Arctic Zone Of The Russian Federation. Modeling Of A Spill And Determination Of The Possible Volume Of Oil Taking Surface Topography Into Consideration Maintenance of trunk pipelines in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation is subject to increased requirements for prevention and response measures in case of technogenic emergencies, particularly oil spills. Due to weak resistance of Arctic soil under external impact and possible appearance of irreversible processes, it is necessary to take measures in order to minimize impact on the environment. Modeling of oil spills taking into consideration relief and results of risk assessment of putting into operation trunk pipeline called Zapolyarie – PS Purpe of Transneft PJSC is analyzed in the article. This approach helps to identify most dangerous parts of trunk pipeline with high probability of damage and oil spill as a result; assess the volume of oil spills, develop computer model based on the relief data to determine more accurately zones of oil distribution and territory pollution. The Arctic zone of the Russian Federation was chosen for modeling purposes. Arctic nature is very sensitive to anthropogenic impact and its self-healing may last for a long period of time. In case of emergency oil spill, it necessary to localize and liquidate oil, recultivate polluted soil, which can force negative soil processes, such as erosion, slope movements of soil and swamping. These negative processes can lead to new damage of pipelines and additional significant expenses on the recovery of environment. In Arctic conditions, development of new and adaptation of existing methods and technologies of localization and cleaning of oil spills with minimal impact on the environment and results of this impact, first of all on soil, are required. That is why quick cleaning of an oil spill and minimization of its area is most acute for Arctic zone. Results of damage risk assessment, results of modeling oil spill with determination of outmost from pipeline areas of pollution are presented in the article. Sequence of actions, presented in the article, helps to form complex approach to forecasting accidents and their implications on the trunk pipeline in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation using modern software to gain as realistic picture as possible.

Keywords: ArcGIS, the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, Zapolyarie, PS «Purpe», trunk pipeline, permanently frozen ground, modeling, Transneft PJSC, risk assessment, oil spill.

Authors:

Lisin Yu.V., Soschenko A.E., Surikov V.I., at all. Technical Solutions For Pipeline Laying Methods, Pipeline Zapolyarie – PS Purpe. Nauka i tehnologii truboprovodnogo transporta nefti i nefteproduktov = Science and Technology of Oil and Oil Product Pipeline Transportation, 2014, No. 1 (13), P. 24–28. (In Russian)

RD-13.020.00-KTN-148-11. Methodological guidelines for risk assessment of accidents at trunk lines of oil and oil products (approved 15.12.2011 by Transneft JSC). (In Russian)

RD 03-496-02. Methodological Guidelines For The Assessment Of Damages From Accidents At Hazardous Production Facilities (approved 29.10.2002 by Decree No. 63 of Gosgortechnadzor of Russia). (In Russian)

GOST R 12.0.010-2009 SSBT. Occupational Safety Standards System. Occupational Safety And Health Management Systems. Hazard And Risks Identification And Estimation Of Risks (approved and put into effect by Order No. 680-st dated 10.12.2009 of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology). (In Russian)

Safety manual «Methodological Guidelines For The Quantitative Analysis Of The Risk Of Accidents At Hazardous Production Facilities Of Trunk Pipelines Of Oil And Oil Products» (approved 07.11.2014 by order No. 500 of the Federal Service for Ecological, Technological and Nuclear Supervision). (In Russian)

ArcGIS Module «Oil Products Spill (Land)». Procedures (attachment to the user’s guide for module «Oil Products Spill (Land).» INTRO-GIS, LLC. (In Russian)

References:

Lisin Yu.V., Soschenko A.E., Surikov V.I., at all. Technical Solutions For Pipeline Laying Methods, Pipeline Zapolyarie – PS Purpe. Nauka i tehnologii truboprovodnogo transporta nefti i nefteproduktov = Science and Technology of Oil and Oil Product Pipeline Transportation, 2014, No. 1 (13), P. 24–28. (In Russian)
RD-13.020.00-KTN-148-11. Methodological guidelines for risk assessment of accidents at trunk lines of oil and oil products (approved 15.12.2011 by Transneft JSC). (In Russian)
RD 03-496-02. Methodological Guidelines For The Assessment Of Damages From Accidents At Hazardous Production Facilities (approved 29.10.2002 by Decree No. 63 of Gosgortechnadzor of Russia). (In Russian)
GOST R 12.0.010-2009 SSBT. Occupational Safety Standards System. Occupational Safety And Health Management Systems. Hazard And Risks Identification And Estimation Of Risks (approved and put into effect by Order No. 680-st dated 10.12.2009 of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology). (In Russian)
Safety manual «Methodological Guidelines For The Quantitative Analysis Of The Risk Of Accidents At Hazardous Production Facilities Of Trunk Pipelines Of Oil And Oil Products» (approved 07.11.2014 by order No. 500 of the Federal Service for Ecological, Technological and Nuclear Supervision). (In Russian)
ArcGIS Module «Oil Products Spill (Land)». Procedures (attachment to the user’s guide for module «Oil Products Spill (Land).» INTRO-GIS, LLC. (In Russian)

For citation:
Polovkov S.A., Gonchar A.E., Maksimenko A.F., Slepnev V.N. Assessment Of The Risk Of Damage To Pipelines Located In The Arctic Zone Of The Russian Federation. Modeling Of A Spill And Determination Of The Possible Volume Of Oil Taking Surface Topography Into Consideration (In Russ.). Territorija «NEFTEGAZ» = Oil and Gas Territory, 2016, No. 12, P. 88–93.

» The Optimization Of The Production Of The Repair And Rehabilitation Works In The Areas Of Natural-Technogenic Risks

The article pays attention to the necessity of using comprehensive diagnostic data both of the state of the pipe and the soil in the area near pipe, especially of potentially hazardous geodynamic areas. These areas may be influenced by such natural-technogenic risks, as landslides, karst, tectonic fractures, mine works etc. This approach allows addressing the funds for the repair and rehabilitation works of the linear part of main gas pipelines (LP MG). A new radiowave diagnostics technology (RDT) of soil is offered, which is already used in a number of enterprises of Gazprom PJSC. The application of the RDT technology allows planning the order of the volume of work and the priority output of potentially hazardous areas for repairing more correctly.

Keywords: risk, accident, geodynamic safety, soils diagnostic, method of the RF field of the Earth, geotechnical monitoring.

Authors:

M.M. Zaderigolova-sen., e-mail: 9161348956@mail.ru, Altumgeo LLC (Moscow, Russia).

References:

Filatov A.A., Valiullin I.I. and the others. The Necessity To Improve Efficiency Of Repair Of LP MG Of Gazprom LLC Based On The Comprehensive Analysis Of Their Technical Condition. Gazovaya promyshlennost' = Gas Industry, 2015, No. 03 (719), P. 33–35. (In Russian)
Aksyutin O.E., Alimov S.V., Mitrokhin M.Y., Kolotovsky A.N., Zavgorodnev A.V., Astanin A.Yu., Zaderigolova M.M. Radiowave System Of Monitoring Of Dangerous Geological Processes On The Pipeline «v. Dzaurikau – Tskhinval». Gazovaya promyshlennost' = Gas Industry, 2015, No. 3, P. 28–32. (In Russian)
The standard of the organization STO Gazprom 2-2.1-206-2008. The Pipeline Construction In Mountain Conditions. Moscow, Publish and Editorial Centre of Gazprom, 2008, 83 pp. (In Russian)
The standard of the organization STO Gazprom 2-2.1-217-2008. Methodical Instructions Of The Production Organization And Ecological Monitoring Of Linear Part Of Main Gas Pipelines. Moscow, Publish and Editorial Centre of Gazprom, 2008, 11 pp. (In Russian)
Technical Requirements For Research Works And Monitoring With Using A Radiowave Method Of Dangerous Geological Processes In The Linear Part Of Pipelines Of Gazprom PJSC. Moscow, Gazprom VNIIGAZ, 2001, 11 pp. (In Russian)
Zaderigolova M.M. and others. The Safety Ensuring Of Gas Transportation In The Areas Of Development Of Dangerous Geological Processes With The Use Of New Diagnosis Technologies. Gazovaya promyshlennost' = Gas Industry, 2011, No. 10, P. 10–14. (In Russian)
SP-11-105-97. Engineering-Geological Investigations For The Construction. (In Russian)
Zaderigolova M. M. The providing of the geodynamic security of gas transmission systems of radio-wave methods. M.: Scientific world, 2009. 398 p.
RF patent № 2363965. A Method Of Monitoring Of Local Heterogeneities And Geodynamic Zones Of The Upper Part Of Geological Section Of The Upper Part Of Geological Section. Patent holder – M.M. Zaderigolova. Appl. 17.07.2008; publ. 10.08.2009, Bull. No. 22. (In Russian)
RF patent № 2363964. A Device For Monitoring Of Local Heterogeneities And Geodynamic Zones Of The Upper Part Of Geological Section Of The Upper Part Of Geological Section. Patent holder – M.M. Zaderigolova. Appl. 17.07.2008; publ. 10.08.2009, Bull. No. 22. (In Russian)
RF patent No. 123546. A Device For Monitoring Of Local Heterogeneities And Geodynamic Zones Of Corrosion Of The Upper Part Of Geological Section. Patent holder – M.M. Zaderigolova. Publ. 27.12.201, Bull. No. 36. (In Russian)
Dmitrievsky A.N. An Innovative Development Of The Oil And Gas Industry. Burenie I neat’ = Drilling and Oil, 2012, No. 1, P. 3–12. (In Russian)
Selyukov E.I. and the others. Short Practical Geodynamic Essays. Saint Petersburg, Publishing house Piter, 2010, 176 pp. (In Russian)

For citation:
Zaderigolova-sen. M.M. The Optimization Of The Production Of The Repair And Rehabilitation Works In The Areas Of Natural-Technogenic Risks (In Russ.). Territorija «NEFTEGAZ» = Oil and Gas Territory, 2016, No. 12, P. 94–99.

» The Criterion «Persistence» For Technology Platforms On The Arctic Shelf Fields

Modern standards for sea technological platforms, working on the Arctic shelf, require ensuring safe working conditions for offshore staff. They also require the prompt performance of emergency rescue operations in case of abnormal situations or accidents on the platform. Due to extreme natural-climatic conditions of the Arctic, such as glaciers, the polar night, extremely low temperatures, the disruption of communication among technological objects because of weather conditions, so often the implementation of such works is extremely limited. This fact forces the designers of technological platforms to give platforms the ability to compensate for the extreme loads that occur in emergencies and considerably exceed the developed loads. At the same time, platforms have to continue operation in regular mode and sometimes to recover their functions. The criterion, by which this ability is evaluated, was called «the persistence». In the article all the components of the complex concept of «the persistence» for floating technology platform were considered; the parameters of the phenomena, which should be noticed when testing for a certain component, were presented. The measures applying to achieve the required values of the components were considered too. The concepts of ensuring the survivability of the floating technological platforms were formulated, including the purpose of ensuring the persistence, the requirements to the primary data for the evaluation and the requirements to the analysis on this criterion. Also three different qualitative assessments of the survivability were identified, they allow monitoring this parameter since the design stage of a project, during the process of the development and building the platform and in time if its exploitation on the shelf.

Keywords: floating technology platform, the Arctic shelf, safety, persistence, accidents, analysis.

Authors:

Yu.A. Kharchenko, e-mail: doc.2004.8@yandex.ru; Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian State University of Oil and Gas (National Research University) named after I.M. Gubkin» (Moscow, Russia).
R.M. Ter-Sarkisov; Institute Of Oil And Gas Problems Of The Russian Academy Of Sciences (Moscow, Russia).
P.K. Kalashnikov, e-mail: kalashnikov_pk@bk.ru, Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian State University of Oil and Gas (National Research University) named after I.M. Gubkin» (Moscow, Russia).

References:

Dobryakov S.I. The Choice Of Technology And Technical Facilities For Exploration And Production Drilling On The Kara Sea Shelf. Izv. vuzov = News of Higher Educational Institutions. Oil and Gas, 2011, No. 1, P. 16–22. (In Russian)
Work documentation RD 31.60.14-81. The Manual On Struggle For Persistence Of The Vessels Of The Ministry Of Navy Of The USSR. Moscow, Mortekhinformreklama, 1983, 207 pp. (In Russian)
GOST 26883-86. External Influencing Factors. Terms And Definitions. 1987. (In Russian)
Work documentation RD 39-4700803-5-89. The Manual On Struggle For Persistence Of Offshore Stationary Platforms And Drilling Rigs. Publ. by Government corporation Chernomorneftegaz. (In Russian)

For citation:
Kharchenko Yu.A., Ter-Sarkisov R.M., Kalashnikov P.K. The Criterion «Persistence» For Technology Platforms On The Arctic Shelf Fields (In Russ.). Territorija «NEFTEGAZ» = Oil and Gas Territory, 2016, No. 12, P. 82–86.

» The Influence Of The Hydrofracturing Cracks Direction On The Performance Indicators Of Wells

The research target, which results are given in the article, was the establishment of the influence of the newly created technogenic hydrofracturing cracks on the well performance indicators with using field data. These wells are located differently with the trend of the regional stress in the single development system of low permeable object AS10–12 located in Priobskoe oil deposit (southern part). The research method is a geological and commercial analysis of operating results of production and injection wells for the identical time: from the start of injection to the water appearance in the well’s production. Herewith the wells of the two pointed groups are located perpendicular and parallel towards the hydrofracturing cracks direction. The research object was the Central section of the horizon AS10–12 Priobskoe oil deposit (southern part), represented by three productive layers – AS10/1-3, AS10/4 and AS12-1/3-5 [1, 2], containing lithological screened deposits of oil. The plottage is 4159 hectares, the average oil-saturated depth is 33 m (maximum 70 m). The permeability of AS10 pack – 7 MD, AS12 pack – 2 MD, an average is 4.7 MD. Oil-saturated depth of AS10 – 18 m, AS12 – 15 m. The oil saturation of AS10–12 horizon – 62 %, layer heterogeneity (by V.D. Lysenko) – 0,73, sand content 48 %, fragmentation – 27 %. The average thickness of a single sand interlayer in AS10 pack AS10 – 1.2m, in AS12 pack– 1,25 м. Parameter of oil displacement by water – 0,503.

Keywords: Priobskoye oil field, AS10-12 pack, a Central section, a single development system, the fracturing, the azimuths of cracks, auto fracturing, development parameters, water movement speed, parameters of oil displacement.

Authors:

A.N. Yanin, e-mail: Term@term-pb.ru; OOO (LTD) Project office «Technologies for the Effective Development of Deposits» (Tyumen, Russia).

S.A. Cherevko, 2 OOO «Gazpromneft-Khantos» (Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia).

References:

Cherevko M.A., Yanin K.E., Yanin A.N. A Retrospective Analysis Of The Systemic Usage Of Fracturing At The Priobskoye Oil Field. Territorija «NEFTEGAZ» = Oil and Gas Territory, 2014, No. 9, P. 60–65. (In Russian)
Cherevko M.A., Yanin A.N., Yanin K.E. The Development Of Oil Fields In Western Siberia Using Horizontal Wells With Multi-Stage Fracturing. Tyumen – Kurgan, Publishing coompany Zauralye, 2015, 268 pp. (In Russian)
Latypov I.D., Borisov G.A., Haidar A.M., and the others. The reorientation of the crack azimuth after the re-fracturing on the fields of OOO «RN-Yuganskneftegaz». Neftianoe khoziaistvo = Oil Industry, 2011, No. 6, P. 34–38. (In Russian)
Latypov I.D., Islamov R.A., Suleymanov D.D. Geomechanical research of the Bazhenov formation. Nauchno-tekhnicheskii vestnik OAO «NK «Rosneft» = Sci-Tech. Herald Of NK Rosneft, 2013, No. 2, P. 20–24. (In Russian)
Maltsev V.V., Asmandiyarov R.N., Baikov V.A., and the others. The Research Of The Development Of The Auto Fractured Cracks On The Experimental Section Of The Priobskoe Field With A Linear Development System. Neftianoe khoziaistvo = Oil Industry, 2012, No. 5, P. 70–73. (In Russian)
Baikov V.A., Buranov I.M., Latypov I.D., and the others. Monitoring Of The Development Of The Auto Fractured Cracks With LPM (Layer Pressure Maintenance) In The Fields Of OOO «RN-Yuganskneftegaz». Neftianoe khoziaistvo = Oil Industry, 2013, No. 11, P. 30–32. (In Russian)
Yanin A.N. About The Dynamic Of Production Of Waterless Oil In The Process Of Development Of Deposits Of Western Siberia. Burenie i neft' = Drilling and Oil, 2012, No. 11, P. 10–14. (In Russian)

For citation:
Yanin A.N., Cherevko S.A. The Influence Of The Hydrofracturing Cracks Direction On The Performance Indicators Of Wells (In Russ.). Territorija «NEFTEGAZ» = Oil and Gas Territory, 2016, No. 12, P. 76–81.

Territorija Neftegas № 12 2016

Read in this issue:

Automation

Diagnosis

Drilling

ENERGY SECTOR

Gas distribution stations and gas supply system

Geology

OIL AND GAS TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE

Pipelines exploitation and repair

Fields Development and operation installation

Territorija Neftegas № 12 2016

Read in this issue:

Automation

Diagnosis

Drilling

ENERGY SECTOR

Gas distribution stations and gas supply system

Geology

OIL AND GAS TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE

Pipelines exploitation and repair

﻿Fields Development and operation installation

Fields Development and operation installation